The bullet hole in the back of Connally's suit jacket. Unfortunately, Nellie Connally had the jacket dry-cleaned after the assassination. Hat tip: Tim Nickerson. The horizontal elongation of the wound in John Connally's back proves that it was caused by a bullet that was yawing. Here is Dr. Shaw's operative report: Dr. Shaw's report was written on the day of the assassination and he writes that "the wound of entrance was approximately three cm in its longest diameter." When Dr, Shaw testified before the Warren Commission, some five months later, he described the wound as follows: He explained this during an interview with the HSCA: Here is the diagram that Dr. Shaw submitted to the Warren Commission: But the wound was in the horizontal plane. Connally removed his shirt for the HSCA and they examined his scar: The holes in Connally's clothes were also elongated horizontally: Here is an FBI report: Dr. Cyril Wecht also noticed that Connally's back wound was elongated in the horizontal plane. Here is an excerpt from his testimony before the Rockefeller Commission: Dr. Wecht believed the horizontal nature of Connally's back wound meant that the bullet came from the right side or right rear: Larry Sturdivan dismissed that possibility: Sturdivan went into more detail in his book, The JFK Myths: In other words, there is no way that a bullet could directly hit Connally from the right rear at an acute angle and then exit from the right front of his chest. Here is how the HSCA analyzed Connally's back wound: Connally's back wound supports the single-bullet theory, and Dr. Wecht's alternative explanation -- that the bullet entered at an acute angle -- just doesn't hold much water. Previous Relevant Blog Posts on the Medical Evidence On the Trail of Delusion, Episode 21 with Dr. Chad Zimmerman Dr. Zimmerman has examined JFK's autopsy photographs and x-rays and I have also included his notes from that day. Was Hoover's Warren Commission Testimony Altered? Was Hoover's testimony altered to hide the medical evidence? The Parkland Doctors, Part Six A look at Dr. McClelland's recollections over the years. Marilyn Sitzman on JFK's Head Wound Sitzman, who was standing right behind Abraham Zapruder, thoughts the shots came from the TSBD and that she clearly saw Kennedy's head wound over the right ear. John Stringer on JFK's Wounds and his Autopsy Photographs Stringer was very clear that he took the photographs of JFK's brain. The Parkland Doctors, Part One Attending physicians often make mistakes in determining the nature of gunshot wounds. Should we care what the Parkland doctors think? The Parkland Doctors, Part Two A look at what the Parkland doctors wrote and what they said. The Parkland Doctors, Part Three The Boston Globe interviewed some of the Parkland doctors in 1981. The Parkland Doctors, Part Four A 1992 article in the Journal of the American Medical Association has some interesting comments from a few of the Parkland doctors. The Parkland Doctors, Part Five An interesting interview with Dr. Robert McClelland. Why Autopsies are Needed The doctor treating John Lennon was mistaken about his wounds. Dr. Cyril Wecht Complains Wecht complains about the HSCA's forensic pathology panel. Dr. Cyril Wecht writes to Dr. Michael Baden Wecht has a suggestion for Dr. Baden. The Wecht Conclusion that Dare Not Speak Its Name, Part Two Wecht's memoir mentions his examination of the autopsy materials in 1972 but neglects to talk about his conclusion that the fatal head shot came from behind. The Wecht Conclusion that Dare Not Speak its Name James DiEugenio's obituary of Dr. Wecht leaves out his conclusion that the fatal head shot came from behind. Dr. Cyril Wecht (1931 - 2024) זיכרונו לברכה My obituary for Dr. Cyril Wecht. Dr. Cyril Wecht Rules Out a Head Shot From the Front A letter from Dr. Wecht to Thomas Stamm on the head shot. Sylvia Meagher and Dr. Cyril Wecht Discuss the Head Shot A letter from Dr. Wecht to Sylvia Meagher on the head shot. "JFK Revisited" Misleads on JFK's Throat Wound Dr. Wecht believes that JFK's throat wound was one of exit. "JFK Revisited" Misleads on JFK's Brain, Again... Dr. Robert Kirschner's consultation with the ARRB explains a mystery in the documentary. "JFK Revisited" Misleads on the Weight of JFK's Brain JFK Revisited makes a big deal about the weight of JFK's brain and ignores a non-conspiratorial explanation. JFK Revisited Distorts John Stringer's Testimony Oliver Stone's so-called documentary makes it sound like the autopsy photographer said that he did not take the photos of JFK's brain that are in the current inventory, "JFK: Destiny Betrayed" Misleads on Dr. Charles Crenshaw Oliver Stone's so-called documentary series, JFK: Destiny Betrayed, features Dr. Charles Crenshaw to bolster its claim that President Kennedy was shot from the front. Viewers are not informed of Dr. Crenshaw's credibility problems. "JFK: Destiny Betrayed" Misleads on JFK's Head Wound, Part Three Oliver Stone's so-called documentary, JFK: Destiny Betrayed, misleads viewers on the opinions of Parkland Hospital doctors and Bethesda witnesses regarding JFK's head wound. "JFK: Destiny Betrayed" Misleads on the Harper Fragment Oliver Stone's so-called documentary series, JFK: Destiny Betrayed, misleads viewers into thinking the Harper fragment was occipital bone that came from the back of Kennedy's head. Dr. Joseph Dolce: Another Problematic Witness from "JFK: Destiny Betrayed" Have a look at Dr. Joseph Dolce's bad judgment "JFK: Destiny Betrayed" Misleads on JFK's Head Wound, Part One Oliver Stone's so-called documentary series JFK: Destiny Betrayed uses a variety of supposed witnesses to allege that the wound in the back of Kennedy's head was one of exit. Audrey Bell is one such witness and she doesn't have much credibility. "JFK: Destiny Betrayed" Misleads on JFK's Head Wound, Part Two Oliver Stone's so-called documentary series, JFK: Destiny Betrayed, tries to make the case that because Parkland Hospital doctors saw cerebellum extruding from Kennedy's head wound, that it indicated an exit wound. "JFK Revisited" Misleads on Kennedy's Back Wound While Gerald Ford edited some language in the Warren Report, he did not change the location of the back wound. Autopsy photographs show exactly the location of the back wound. "JFK: Destiny Betrayed" Misleads on JFK's Autopsy Oliver Stone's so-called documentary series, JFK: Destiny Betrayed, alleges that autopsy pathologists were told to fit the wounds to a presupposed conclusion. On the Trail of Delusion, Episode 2 with Robert A. Wagner A podcast with Robert Wagner who has written an important book on the medical evidence.

Thomas Powers won a Pulitzer Prize in 1971 together with Lucinda Franks for his articles on Weatherman member Diana Oughton. New York Times, October 30, 1977 Money Quote: It is not just easy, but almost irresistible, to make fun of the Kennedy assassination skeptics, with their Oswald doubles and triples, the ectoplasmic gunmen on the grassy knoll, the phantom C.I.A. agents hovering over Oswald's shoulder, the logical proof that Oswald, the so-so Marine sharpshooter, could not have fired the fatal shots. They remind me of those arguments that Marlowe or Bacon must have written "Hamlet," for no better reason, when you got down to it, than that writing "Hamlet" must have been beyond a bumpkin of no breeding from Stratford-on-Avon. But conspiracy-spinning isn't amusing, because it isn't a game. Doubt has become the last frontier of the American dissidents the point they will not yield. Once upon a time, they believed America might transcend racism, poverty, injustice and war; now they are hunting villains among the ectoplasm. If that strikes you as funny, well . . . it doesn't me. Powers takes apart Michael Eddowes' book, The Oswald File. Eddowes was the writer who was convinced that Lee Harvey Oswald had been replaced and that an imposter was in his grave. Oswald's body was exhumed and his theory was found to be ridiculous -- the body was indeed that of Oswald's. Previous Relevant Blog Posts on Marina Oswald Saint Lee Harvey was Good with Kids! Perhaps but he beat his wife. On the Trail of Delusion, Episode 20: The Marina Oswald Tapes The FBI bugged Marina's phone after the assassination, and here are the highlights. Why Marina Was Interested in her Husband's Innocence Marina was interested in any development that would absolve her former husband of Kennedy's murder "for the sake of the kids." Morley's Interview of Marina Oswald Porter Fizzles! Morley forgets to ask Marina the important questions. Was Marina Oswald Involved in the JFK Assassination? Fletcher Prouty writes that Marina Oswald might have been involved. Jim Garrison Claims Lee Harvey Oswald was a Victim Garrison writes to Marina Oswald. Marina Oswald's Doctor was a Homosexual! Here is a memo written to Jim Garrison by Roger Craig. Jim Garrison's Grand Juries... Marina Oswald was fearful of Garrison's subpoena.

Hat tip: Jerry Shinley and Paul Hoch provided the research for this blog post. One of the problems in the debate on the JFK assassination is that some people move right to conspiratorial explanations before exploring more mundane solutions. Just crack open the latest conspiracy book and you'll see this principle in action over and over again. For instance, any redaction in a document can only be explained by something that is nefarious. If you don't like the Sixth Floor Museum, that can only be because it is a false flag operation. The "back and to the left" movement of JFK's head can only be explained by a shot from the front. The George Joannides file clearly contains evidence of an "Oswald operation." I am sure that you that come up with many other examples. Here is one that many people aren't aware of. James DiEugenio, in his 2012 book Destiny Betrayed, alleges that Oswald's leafletting in New Orleans was some sort of "set-up." On August 9, Bringuier and two cohorts angrily confronted Oswald while he was acting pro-Castro. This is when he was passing out his Fair Play for Cuba literature on Canal Street. This created a minor fracas. And arrests were made for disturbing the peace. The arresting officer, Lieutenant Frances Martello described it as saying that Oswald “seemed to have set them up, so to speak, to create an incident, but when the incident occurred he seemed absolutely peaceful and gentle.” The idea that this incident was “set up” is fortified by the fact that Oswald described the incident to the national office of the FPCC on August 4, five days before it happened. In this letter he described being attacked by Cuban exiles in the street and then being approached by the police. He then added, “The incident robbed me of what support I had, leaving me alone.” Further evidence it was stage managed is that when he was booked, Oswald turned over the out of print Corliss Lamont pamphlet from 1961. In other words, the evidence more than suggests that Oswald was acting out a scene he had written five days in advance, with props furnished to him by either Banister or Phillips. Here is Oswald's letter: Here is a typed copy of the letter: The book Chokeholds also mentioned this letter: The problem with this letter was that the incident Oswald seems to be referring to occurred on August 9th, more than a week after he first wrote about it. Was Oswald describing a scenario for the upcoming theatrics on Canal Street over which he would be arrested and arraigned in court? So, how could Oswald have described what happened in a letter to V. T. Lee before it actually happened? Well, it turns out that Oswald had an encounter in June, and he was writing about that incident in his letter to Lee. In June 1963, Rafael Aznarez wrote the FBI about some trouble he had on Canal Street. Here is the pamphlet: Right after the assassination, Aznarez wrote the FBI, and here is a typed copy: Here is the original letter in his handwriting: Here is the enclosure he sent the FBI: Hoover wrote back to Aznarez: Corroboration that Aznarez did encounter Oswald comes in the fact that policeman Girod Ray confiscated the same FPCC handbill when Oswald was leafletting at the U.S.S. Wasp on June 16, 1963. And that Lee Harvey Oswald sometimes paraded around with a homemade placard reading "Hands Off Cuba." Original here. And Carlos Bringuier described the placard: And I should add that the Aznarez affair was included in David Kaiser's 2008 book, The Road to Dallas. (page 214) Kaiser's footnote says the letter from Bringuier to Hoover was dated February 14, 1967, and here is his letter: Bringuier enclosed with his letter to Hoover a five-page memo he wrote to Jim Garrison, and he briefly mentioned Aznarez: He recommended that Garrison question Aznarez: I have not seen any evidence that Garrison talked to Aznarez. The ARRB tried to locate Aznarez in 1995: Here is a follow-up letter: It doesn't appear that they found him. DiEugenio's thesis that the incident with Bringuier was a "set-up" is false. Perhaps DiEugenio will issue a correction in the third edition of Destiny Betrayed, but I am not going to hold my breath. Blog Posts on the Fake Oswald Handbill James DiEugenio Refuses to Admit He Used Fake Handbills in "JFK: Destiny Betrayed" This was discussed on the Education Forum. Paul Bleau and the Fake Oswald Handbill Conspiracy theorist Paul Bleau featured a fake Oswald handbill in a podcast. "JFK: Destiny Betrayed" Misleads Viewers on Oswald's "Hands Off Cuba!" Handbills An analysis of the handbill used in Oliver Stone's so-called documentary, JFK: Destiny Betrayed. "JFK: Destiny Betrayed" Misleads Viewers on Oswald's "Hands Off Cuba!" Handbills, Part Two An examination of where the fake handbill came from. "JFK: Destiny Betrayed" Misleads Viewers on Oswald's "Hands Off Cuba!" Handbills, Part Three A look at James DiEugenio's use of the fake handbill. "JFK: Destiny Betrayed" Misleads Viewers on Oswald's "Hands Off Cuba!" Handbills, Part Four Jefferson Morley is the latest researcher to use a fake Oswald handbill. Previous Relevant Blog Posts on James DiEugenio James DiEugenio's Factoids about Howard Brennan DiEugenio gets the Brennan story wrong. James DiEugenio on Permindex: A Case Study, Part Three Was there a link between Ferenc Nagy and the OAS? James DiEugenio on Permindex: A Case Study, Part Two Information in a Time-Life memo originated from Paese Sera. James DiEugenio on Permindex: A Case Study A purported CIA memo is actually the notes of an HSCA researcher. The Sad Story of Ralph Yates DiEugenio repeats the story of Ralph Yates as told in James Douglass' s book JFK and the Unspeakable. Did Larry Crafard Impersonate Lee Harvey Oswald? DiEugenio misquotes a Warren Commission memo. James DiEugenio Refuses to Admit He Used Fake Handbills in "JFK: Destiny Betrayed" DiEugenio runs away from the evidence. James DiEugenio's Fanciful Tale about Hugh Aynesworth DiEugenio cites a Joan Mellen story about Aynesworth that has no documentation. The "Protector and Defender of the Garrison Faith" Strikes Again! James DiEugenio attacks another article about Oliver Stone. Was Oswald an Agent of the CIA? James DiEugenio is unaware that an HSCA report on Oswald and the CIA was actually published. Was Oswald an Agent of the CIA, Part Two Dan Hardway rebuts James DiEugenio. Just who does James DiEugenio work for? Why does James DiEugenio write for one of the major agents of Russian disinformation? My So-Called Libel of James DiEugenio Mr. DiEugenio thinks that I libeled him, but his accusations are all over the map. Anatomy of a James DiEugenio Citation Was Lee Harvey Oswald at an anti-Castro training camp in the summer of 1963? Anatomy of a James DiEugenio Citation, Part Two Was David Ferrie at an anti-Castro training camp in the summer of 1963? Anatomy of a James DiEugenio Citation, Part Three James DiEugenio accepts a phony story as fact. Fact Checking James DiEugenio, Part Two Bill Boxley was not a CIA plant. Fact Checking James DiEugenio Clay Shaw was not Clay Bertrand. Fred Litwin's Follies! A response to James DiEugenio about my writings. James DiEugenio's Lame Excuses for Fletcher Prouty Prouty couldn't back up any of his allegations when he was interviewed by the ARRB. You wouldn't believe the lame excuse offered up by DiEugenio. James DiEugenio's Lame Excuse for Oliver Stone Why does Oliver Stone support so many dictators? James DiEugenio Gets it all Wrong on Permindex/CMC DiEugenio has no understanding of Permindex/CMC The Scholarship of James DiEugenio - A Case Study DiEugenio gets it all wrong on the Mannlicher-Carcano The Scholarship of James DiEugenio, Part Two The conclusion on the Mannlicher-Carcano The Scholarship of James DiEugenio Over the past ten months, I have debunked every witness cited by DiEugenio regarding Clay Shaw and David Ferrie. Previous Relevant Blog Posts on Paul Bleau Death by Org Chart Paul Bleau finds a conspiracy in an organizational chart. Hale Boggs and the Warren Report Hale Boggs always supported the Warren Report. Did the Second Oswald Fly to Roswell? A rather insane story. Chokeholds Uses a Fake Story The book treats a Mort Sahl quote as if it was correct. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 18 Chokeholds leaves out a lot of information about Aloysius Habighorst. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 17 Bleau doesn't tell his readers about Roger Craig's credibility problems. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 16 Bleau believes the Rose Cherami story. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 15 Bleau claims the Shaw jury believed there was a conspiracy in the JFK assassination. This is just not true. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 14 Bleau doesn't tell you everything about Lyndon Johnson's feelings towards the Warren Report. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 13 Bleau leaves out some important details about the beliefs of Burt Griffin. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 12 Bleau leaves out an important paragraph from Alfredda Scobey's article on the Warren Commission. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 11 Bleau misleads readers on the testimony of John Moss Whitten. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 10 Bleau gets it all wrong on Dr. George Burkley. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 9 Bleau doesn't tell the whole story about John Sherman Cooper. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 8 Bleau claims that J. Lee Rankin questioned the findings of the Warren Report. This is just not true. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 7 Bleau tries to make it appear that Dallas policeman James Leavelle had doubts that Oswald could be found guilty at a trial. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 6 Bleau gets it all wrong on the FBI Summary Report. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 5 Bleau discusses the conclusions of the HSCA but leaves out it most important finding. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 4 Bleau leaves out some important details about a Warren Commission staffer. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 3 Was Oswald a loner? Bleau says no, and then says yes. Paul Bleau Chokes, Part 2 Bleau leaves out some important details about Malcolm Kilduff. Paul Bleau Chokes An introduction to Paul Bleau's new book, Chokeholds.

How to buy On The Trail of Delusion Buy! Buy! Buy! Buy! Buy!: Text

Pictures from On The Trail of Delusion and from the Garrison Investigation Here's a picture of Harry Connick, Sr., aged 93, at his home in New Orleans. He replaced Garrison as D.A. in 1973, and found a complete mess in the office which he had to clean up. Pictures: Image The Power of Garrison Why was Marina Oswald scared of being called before the Grand Jury in New Orleans. Find out in Chapter One: The Taking of New Orleans 1-2-3. Pictures: Image Here is an anonymous letter sent to Attorney General Ramsey Clark in 1967. Was Jim Garrison running a homosexual shakedown racket? Find out in Chapter Two: A Beautiful Mind? Pictures: Image Jim Garrison claimed in February 1967 that he had solved the JFK assassination. But had he really? Pictures: Image Was this New Orleans businessman Clay Shaw behind the JFK assassination? Pictures: Image Jim Garrison arrested Clay Shaw on March 1, 1967 for conspiring to kill President Kennedy. Did Garrison have any evidence, at the time, that Shaw was involved in a conspiracy? Find out in Chapter Four: Enter Stage Right: Perry Russo Pictures: Image Garrison believed that this notation in Clay Shaw's notebook tied him to Lee Harvey Oswald. But, did it really? Find out in Chapter Five: My Son, the Cryptographer. Pictures: Image Confidential Magazine from August 1968 written by a Garrison staffer. Did a homosexual ring kill Kennedy? Pictures: Image Pravda ran a story, from the Italian press, in March 1967 claiming that Clay Shaw worked for the CIA. Was that true? Find out in Chapter Eight: The Great Accuser. Pictures: Image Garrison claimed that a shot from the sewer on Elm Street in Dallas killed Kennedy? Was there any truth to that? Pictures: Image There were some surprises at the trial of Clay Shaw. Find out more in Chapter Nine: The Trial. Pictures: Image Jim Garrison also sought to extradite this man, Edgar Eugene Bradley, from California to face charges he conspired to kill Kennedy. Find out what happened in Chapter Ten: Edgar Eugene Bradley Was a Tramp. Pictures: Image One of the best cut lines ever - did pinko homos kill JFK? Find out in Chapter Eighteen: On the Trail of Delusion. Pictures: Image Did this man, Louis Bloomfield, run an assassination bureau? Find out in Chapter Nineteen: Garrison's Forgotten Victim - Major Louis Bloomfield. Pictures: Image You will be inspired by George Mantello's story - but was he part of a CIA front organization that funneled money to right-wing extremists? Pictures: Image

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